How did Sauron control his army? Did he have a council of war that gave orders to his soldiers?

 Sauron controlled his army primarily through fear, domination, and a telepathic link with his most loyal servants. He did not rely on a traditional council of war like human rulers. Instead, he commanded his forces through:  

1. The One Ring– It gave him the power to dominate the minds of others, especially the Nazgûl, who were completely enslaved to his will.  

2. The Nazgûl (Ringwraiths) – They acted as his most trusted lieutenants, carrying out his commands and leading his armies in battle.  

3. Orc and Uruk-hai Commanders– Sauron appointed war chiefs like Gothmog (the lieutenant of Mordor) to manage his forces and direct large-scale battles.  

4. Dark Telepathy – Sauron used his influence to communicate orders over long distances, especially to creatures under his control, like orcs and trolls.  

5. Terror and Fear– His mere presence and reputation kept his minions in check. Unlike human armies, Sauron’s forces obeyed out of fear of his wrath rather than loyalty or strategy discussions.  

Unlike traditional rulers, Sauron’s army functioned more like a hive mind, with him as the supreme overlord directing war through sheer willpower and fear rather than tactical councils.